The bacteria that cause endophthalmitis and other post-op infections typically originate in the lid margin flora, so the overgrowth of bacteria that characterizes untreated blepharitis can significantly increase patients’ risk of post-op infectious complications.
Proper treatment of blepharitis is also essential for preventing infectious complications following ophthalmic surgery. Alleviating this redness and irritation can significantly improve patients’ quality of life, so blepharitis should be treated-even when it is not the patient’s primary complaint.
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Because of their red, “bleary” eyes, blepharitis patients’ friends and coworkers may assume the cause is an alcohol or drug abuse problem, a misconception that can have a devastating effect on patients’ personal and professional lives.
Treatment considerationsĪlthough rarely sight-threatening, blepharitis can cause chronic discomfort as well as potentially serious surgical complications. In addition, blepharitis greatly increases the risk of endophthalmitis following ocular surgery. Untreated blepharitis is a common cause of Salzmann’s nodular dystrophy. Left untreated, blepharitis can cause dry eyes, loss of cilia, formation of chalazia and hordeola, and even corneal ulceration and vascularization.
Symptoms are usually worse in the morning, and patients also frequently complain of “crusting” on awakening. In most cases, symptoms of blepharitis include ocular redness and irritation, often described as an itching or burning sensation. Given the high prevalence of both dry eye disease and ocular allergy, a high prevalence of blepharitis is to be expected. 1 Posterior blepharitis likely plays a role in at least one-third of all cases of dry eye disease, and blepharitis frequently coexists with ocular allergy. While the prevalence of blepharitis has not been definitively studied, some clinicians estimate that this condition may affect up to 15% of the population. However, with the recent introduction of an ophthalmic formulation of azithromycin (AzaSite, Inspire Pharmaceuticals, Durham, N.C.), we have a new antibiotic option for the treatment of blepharitis, and early experience with this drug suggests that it may prove effective. Not only is diagnosis complicated by the frequent co-occurrence of other ocular surface conditions with similar symptoms, but traditional regimens to treatment have been largely unsatisfactory. © 2018 American College of Veterinary Ophthalmologists.A common but underdiagnosed condition, blepharitis presents the clinician with several challenges. Short-term topical treatment with 5% NaCl decreased corneal thickness in normal dogs with no observable changes in corneal morphology or signs of ocular toxicity.ĥ% sodium chloride ophthalmic ointment canine corneal edema in vivo confocal microscopy optical coherence tomography ultrasonic pachymetry. Treatment with 5% NaCl resulted in a 12 μm decrease in corneal thickness from baseline (P.
Treatment groups were statistically compared using mixed-effects linear regression. The right and left eyes were treated with 5% NaCl and artificial tears ophthalmic ointment (AT), respectively, every 2 hours for 4 treatments/d (days 2-9), and then hourly for 7 treatments/d (day 10). To determine the effect of 5% sodium chloride ophthalmic ointment (5% NaCl) on thickness and morphology of the normal canine cornea using ultrasonic pachymetry (USP), in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM), and Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography (FD-OCT).įive healthy laboratory Beagles received ophthalmic examinations including USP, IVCM, and FD-OCT prior to and at fixed intervals following treatment.
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